![]() The upper airway muscles are composed of a variety of fast and slow muscle fiber types (Table 1) with conventional myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms and three primary MHC phenotypes and two subtypes ( in order of prevalence for the adult genioglossus muscle in non-OSA subjects MHCIIA > MHCI-IIX > MHCI > MHCI-IIA > MHCIIX Daugherty et al., 2012). Thus, the reported magnitude of these changes may be an underestimation. Most of these studies did not rule out OSA in the healthy non-OSA/control groups (full polysomnography evaluations are reported in only four studies). Sixteen studies are summarized in Table 2. Broadly, this includes changes in: muscle fiber type, direction of muscle fibers, and anatomical arrangement of nerve fiber terminals. Several histological studies support the presence of upper airway remodeling in patients with OSA (Tables 1 and 2). ![]() Finally, we discuss how upper airway remodeling and neural injury might contribute to upper airway closure during sleep.Īnatomical Structure of Upper Airway Muscles non-OSA subjects is also briefly reviewed. The function of upper airway reflexes and tongue force/fatigue characteristics in OSA vs. ![]() This encompasses evidence from a variety of neurophysiological approaches including histological, electrophysiological, and physiological studies. We review the pathophysiological evidence under three separate headings: (1) anatomical remodeling of the upper airway muscles, (2) efferent changes, and (3) afferent changes (see Figure 1). In this review, some of the more convincing evidence for and against upper airway remodeling in which data have been acquired in both OSA patients and non-OSA controls is highlighted. The extent to which snoring and hypoxia exacerbate the disease and lead to important damage is unresolved. Changes in nerve and muscle properties may result from vibration through snoring, hypoxia, or both. ![]() These changes are loosely termed airway remodeling and may adversely affect upper airway function during sleep. In the upper airway there are changes in sensation, muscle properties, and neural drive in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Some unresolved questions including possible treatment targets are noted. This brief review, primarily focused on data in humans, summarizes: (1) the evidence for upper airway sensorimotor injury in OSA and (2) current understanding of how these changes affect upper airway function and their potential to change OSA progression. However, the extent to which the alterations contribute to impairments in upper airway muscle function, and thus OSA disease progression, remains uncertain. Multiple studies have demonstrated altered sensory and motor function in patients with OSA using a variety of neurophysiological and histological approaches. Neural injury affecting the upper airway muscles due to repetitive exposure to intermittent hypoxia and/or mechanical strain resulting from snoring and recurrent upper airway closure have been proposed to contribute to OSA disease progression. The causes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are multifactorial. 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.1 Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
0 Comments
![]() This figure is correct as of 22 January 2023. Together, we power over 4 million UK homes with energy. Your Logo Return Mailing label White or Transparent Custom Logo Sticker. 0.99 (10 off) Return Address Label with Logo, Buy 2 Get One Free Top Seller. Opening your image in GIMP and turning with the curves alpha to 100 reveals it: Photoshop does not make errors with this. App Store Apple Google Play, apple, text, logo, mobile Phones png 775x300px 42.14KB. OVO is made up of the energy suppliers SSE Energy Services, OVO Energy, and Boost. Hashtag SVG, Hashtag Logo Pound Clipart CnC File, Silhouette - Cricut - Instant Download Transparent png, dxf, eps, pdf. The transparent area of your image has as well black and white, only the alpha channel is zero (fully transparent). IPod touch ooVoo Videotelephony, Video chat, angle, text, orange png.Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, so planting trees helps to slow down climate change. OVO Energy plants 1 million trees across the UK each year with its tree planting partners, The Conservation Volunteers and the Woodland Trust.OVO’s energy tracking is currently available for the majority of OVO customers and will be made available to all remaining customers soon. The actual savings achieved will vary depending on individual energy use and the nature of changes made to a customer’s energy habits. Check out other logos starting with 'P' logos that start with 'P', progressive 3 logo, progressive 3 logo black and white, progressive 3 logo png, progressive 3 logo transparent. Is this possible 63. I tried using the magic wand and paint bucket in Photoshop to accomplish this, but as you can. I need to turn the text white while maintaining the transparent background. However, the lettering on the GCP logo SVG is transparent, and were not visible on that background. png), with the ability to still go back and edit the image afterwards. The Azure logo and pre-existing white version of the AWS logo show up fine. The reduction in energy use results from the customer making changes to their habits by curtailing home energy use through actions such as optimising heating settings or switching lights off. svg file so that it is just the objects that I've put on the artboard, with a transparent background ( la. Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. OVO’s 2019 analysis of academic research into the effectiveness of feedback on energy consumption behaviours indicates that being able to monitor your energy usage by installing a smart meter and having access to energy insights information can lead to a reduction in energy use. Orange (Botswana) Super Nintendo Entertainment System. ![]() The next year, after charismatic guitar badass Joe Walsh swapped in for Leaden, One of These Nights became the first of four consecutive chart-topping Eagles albums, with its unbeatable blend of impeccable radio hits ("One of These Nights," "Lyin' Eyes") joined by all-too-knowing interrogations of success and overindulgence like "After the Thrill Is Gone." Record buyers found the Eagles' ambivalence about love and fame irresistible: The group's first compilation, Their Greatest Hits (1971-1975), has sold more copies than any other 20th-century American album, and they followed it with a masterpiece. The Eagles' soft rock hardened with the addition of crackerjack guitarist Don Felder for 1974's On the Border, whose uncharacteristically political title track referenced the ongoing Watergate scandal. Their 1972 self-titled debut brought hits like "Take It Easy," "Witchy Woman," and "Peaceful Easy Feeling," but Frey and Henley almost derailed their trajectory with Desperado, a loosely conceptual song cycle that favorably equated SoCal guitar singers to Old West pistol packers. Primary songwriters and vocalists Glenn Frey and Don Henley decided to start a band together the day they met as members of Linda Ronstadt's backing group in 1971, and soon recruited the more seasoned Bernie Leadon and Randy Meisner. The Eagles evolved from talented country rockers to arena stars thanks to angelic four-part harmonies that sweetened lyrics about the dark side of the American dream. ![]() Both start out strong, but the new addition ends smoother. Meanwhile, “Eureka” looks to replace “Popcorn” as the “Default notification sound.” Like the Cast update, Eureka is not as sharp and somewhat less surprising. This refinement is also much longer at 31 seconds. It shares the same structure and can best be seen as a softer evolution. It’s still available, but Google has added “Fresh Start” to the collection. “Bright Morning” is the current “Default alarm sound” and comes in at 12 seconds. Softer and less jarring, it very much reflected the friendly Nest visual and auditory design language.Ī similar upgrade has now come to Pixel phones with version 2.8 of the Sounds app included with Android 12 Beta 3. ![]() Original 7/14: At the start of this year, Google introduced a new tone when Cast is initiated on Smart Displays and speakers. Beta 4 also sees the official Android 12 Easter egg with dynamic colors. Your New Adventure’s availability with this release reflects how Google is finalizing even more user-facing aspects of the operating system before the public launch this fall. It’s a full 10 seconds longer than the previous default (“The Big Adventure”) and a bit more lively throughout. Update 8/11: With Android 12 Beta 4 today, “ Your New Adventure” is now available to use in Settings > Sound & vibration > Phone ringtone > Pixel Sounds. Android 12 Beta 3 introduces a trio of additions to the Sounds app, and they’re very likely the new/next Pixel defaults. The best way to customize your phone is to add your favorite music and sounds to it.Besides wallpapers, Google lets owners customize the Pixel experience by making available a large collection of ringtones, notifications, and alarm sounds. Next time you want to hear your favorite sounds as your persona ringtone all you have to do is visit out site and get your favorite ones. The download sections that we have are very simple to navigate and they allow you to have as many files on your phone as you want. Get your free music ringtones from us and you will find that you have an almost unlimited resource of material available that you can use at any time without any cost. Find more sounds like the Goofy Ahh ringtone (sound effect) one. There is no reason to miss out on your favorite sounds now that you have all of them available in a single website. In this category you have all sound effects, voices and sound clips to play, download and share. You can also get as many as you want if you feel like adding variety to your phone and changing the sounds on a daily basis. There is a wide variety of mp3 ringtones that are available for you to use on your mobile device for as long as you want. having people scuff your brand new shoes, or walking behind agonizingly slow people who apparently don’t understand what a. Sound effects from the star ships, computers and actors are here. Beam your phone up with these great ringtones from the Star Trek tv series. ![]() NOTE: All sound effects, loops and music tracks at can be used as ringtones, not just the sounds within this category. You can now get the coolest selection of sound effects from all the greatest movies, cartoon and TV shows. Sound effects from the star ships, computers and actors are here. Ringtone sound effects (novelty tones, wacky tones, silly tones, blingtones and more) Specialty Ringtones - Sounds created especially for ringtone and ringback tone usage. These kinds of sound effects are sometimes just as important in a movie as the soundtrack and the plot. Or the alarm the tripods had in the war of the worlds that sounded so eerie and announced the beginning of the extermination of all humans in sight. There are certain effects that stick to your head forever, such as the sound of the star wars light sabers when they clash and wave around in a sword battle. One of the things that makes most movies and TV shows memorable is the music that they have in them, but there is another element that also makes most things entertaining and that is the sound effects that the movies have. ![]() Continuing with inspiration from Prince Eugene of Savoy, each guestroom includes creative modern interiors, with an infusion of local and artistic details. The hotel offers 303 luxurious, urban guestrooms, including 44 suites. Integrating exquisite design, irresistible cuisine and spectacular art, Andaz Vienna Am Belvedere immerses guests in the history and allure of Vienna. The hotel is comprised of two separate buildings connected by interwoven bridges, sharing a spacious lobby lounge on the ground floor. As a result, Viennese art and a twist on local culture are found throughout the property, from the decorations in each guestroom to the dishes served in the restaurant. They also drew inspiration from Prince Eugene of Savoy, one of the leading developers and art collectors of his time. Renowned architect Renzo Piano and interior designers Claudio Carbone and Gabriel Kacerovsky collaborated on the project, which incorporates the art and design of Austrias capital city throughout the hotel. Only a short walk away from Viennas main train station, guests can create their own unique adventures by exploring the new city district Quartier Belvedere and its peaceful green surroundings. The hotels location offers easy access to historical landmarks, including the Belvedere Palace and the Botanical Gardens. Showcasing contemporary art and design, the hotel will offer every guest a unique experience by immersing them into the local Viennese culture. Andaz Vienna Am Belvedere is inspired by Austrias grand historic personality and the man behind the iconic Belvedere Palace, Prince Eugene of Savoy. Launched in 2007 and designed to stimulate the senses through distinctively local experiences, the Andaz brand continues to grow with intent across the world. Located in the new Quartier Belvedere, the property is the fourth Andaz branded hotel in Europe, joining Andaz London Liverpool Street, Andaz Amsterdam Prinsengracht and the recently opened Andaz Munich Schwabinger Tor. Hyatt Hotels Corporation announced that Andaz Vienna Am Belvedere opened on 30 April 2019, marking the Andaz brands entry into Austria. ![]() It was Thomas Savery (1650-1715) who invented the first steam powered device or fire-engine to pump water out of mines his patent issued in 1698 and was to protect his idea for the next 14 years. Britain possessed huge reserves of coal, but the extraction of these required deep mines, and the curse of mines was their tendency to fill up with water. To build an 18th Century ship to sail the world's oceans 2,000 oak trees were needed. Besides the demand for cooking and heating fuel for an ever increasing number of stately mansions, oak trees were also used to build ships. To see pictures,īy the late 17th century, a national shortage of wood had created a lively demand for coal as a substitute fuel. The largest collection of steam-engine model pictures you will find at the website of, pictures of more then 600 models. To protect the model, I have not tried to run it with steam or compressed air but do not see any reason why this model would not run as intended if steam or compressed air would be applied. There is a small piece of wood missing from the base, see pictures #3, 4, 8, and 9. ![]() The un-machined surfaces of the cast parts are painted. Most of the gold is worn off over time as can be clearly seen in the pictures. Fire gilding is a technique used in the 18th and 19th century and was abandoned once the harmfull effects of mercury, which plays a crucial role in the process, was discovered. Originally the brass parts of the mmodel offered here were fire-gilded (see picture #19, around the four colums supporting the beam and right next to the bearing of the crank shaft on the model's side of the flywheel). Reeves Castings, Stuart Live Steam Models, Traplet, and Edgar Westbury. Hains, Home Model Engine Machinist (HMEM), Millhill Supplies Ltd., Polly Engineering, A. Dunham, Cotswold Heritage, Exactus, George Gentry, R.P. It is impossible to find an original model from this period, there are many manufacturers which make modern 1:12 scale copies, such as Coles, P. The four columns of the exhibited steam-engine were ornately braced for stability and not free standing. However, Stothert & Pitt from Bath, exhibited an engine with four column design as late as 1867 at the Universal Exhibit of 1867 in Paris, France. Inbetween, for a short periode of time, around 1830, the beam support was typically effectuated by two triangular side supports for the top bearing block. Plese note that this model still has the four column support for the top bearing block for the beam and is not of the center column type typical for the mid 19th century, or the time after 1840, manufactured by companies like, William Fairbairn, Sanderson of Glasgow, Stuart, and others. This fine model is all original and dates to around 1820. ![]() The frame supported by the four columns holding the shaft of the beam and which provides the anchor point for Watt's “parallel motion” of this model, as well as other parts, are made of cast brass or cast bronze, indicating that this model was manufactured and not a unique model crafted by a skilled machinist. The beam is not connected to the flywheel axis by Watt's “sun and planet” gear typically used in the 18th century (pre 1800), as Pickard's patent on the crankshaft used in steam engines expired in 1799 thereafter there was no need to circumvent his patent any-longer with Watt's more complex “sun and planet” gear. The crankshaft is forged and/or machined of one piece of steel. The flywheel diameter measures 5-1/4 inches, the diameter of the integrated pulley to power machinery by a belt measures 1-3/4 inches. The cylinder has a stroke of 1 inch and a bore of 3/4 of an inch. Including the wood base, the model measures 5 by 10-1/2 by 8-1/2 inches high. The wood base measures 9 by 3-1/4 by 2-1/4 inches, the brass base plate 9-3/16 by 3-5/16 by 1/8 inches. The original purpose of this fine crafted, operational model, incorporating every important invention patented by James Watt, is unknown it is possible that it was a demonstration model for educational institutions. Sold!Ĭlick on any thumbnail picture to download large image! Use browser back-button to go back. ← Home Items for sale same Category items Contact About Leave a commentĮxceedingly rare and early model of a four column rotative James Watt vertical steam engine of the reciprocating beam type with double-action low-pressure single-cylinder, Watt's “parallel motion” linkage, and Watt's centrifugal speed governor. ![]() ![]() If you take a little time to interact with the Scout directly, you can get a sense of whether extra help will be needed. The key thing to remember is if a Scout is making errors in following instructions or rules it could easily be due to features of a special need or disability rather than ignorance or disobedience. The Scouts that come to participate at the waterfront do not necessarily identify themselves to the staff as having a special need. Some Scouts with milder special needs may start camp without needing accommodations but begin to need them later on. Camp is exciting and challenging and over the course of a multi-day camp session, Scouts with disabilities may tire out or act out more as time goes on. For every obvious disability you encounter, there will be several Scouts with less obvious special needs like learning disabilities, ADHD, autism, or anxiety disorders. Some Scouts have disabilities that are obvious, like physical disabilities, blind, deaf, or Down syndrome. There are also people who can physically complete the swim test and all the actions needed for boat handling, but need extra instruction or time to learn the skills of boating or need a mature person in the boat as a buddy to assist with decision making. Some people who could not complete the swim test, like a person with lower body paralysis, could successfully paddle, row, sail, or drive. The swim test is not a clean dividing line. Since passing the BSA swim test is a prerequisite for the watercraft merit badges, we tend to assume that a Scout that can pass the swim test can do everything else it takes to operate a watercraft. Jet Ski® is a registered trademark of Kawasaki Each type of watercraft has its own procedures and sequences for launching, propelling, steering, and landing that need to be taught and adhered to.įishing activities are addressed in Module TBD and swimming areas are addressed in Module BB-1 Motor powered craft include “Jet Ski®” personal watercraft (PWC), motorboats, and pontoon boats. There is a wide variety of watercraft that can be used and there may be aquatics play structures, swimming areas, and fishing areas located in or near boating areas. Non-powered craft include canoes, kayaks, rowboats, paddleboats, small sailboats, and standup paddleboards. The waterfront program area also has more complexity than some other program areas. Since PFDs are required for every activity in a natural body of water besides swimming in a controlled area, no extra equipment or planning is required for many Scouts with special needs or disabilities. The most widely effective accommodation for Scouts with disabilities in boats and in open water is wearing a personal flotation device (PFD). The waterfront program area has a natural advantage over other camp program areas. ![]() While techniques discussed here can be applied to watercraft instruction time like merit badge classes, this module focuses on the less structured recreational time. Opportunities for recreational time on the water are especially important for Scouts with disabilities so they can enjoy camp, try new things, and cool off on hot days. If your camp conducts its swimming activities at a waterfront location, see Module BB-1 for information on swim area operations.Įvery willing Scout should have opportunity to get in and onto the water and have fun. Since aquatics safety information is presented at varying levels of detail across BSA documents and web resources, key information has been copied over into this module for easy reference. This module focuses on things that are within the control of the waterfront staff rather than permanent improvements to the facilities. The goal is to provide a concise guide that focuses on the interaction between various types of disabilities and programming in natural bodies of water and with boats. This module is for Waterfront Directors at BSA Scout Camps and supplements the information in Safety Afloat, which is the authoritative document. BB-2- Waterfront and Boating Download OVERVIEW ![]() Here’s what we know about the five missing passengers. The CEO of OceanGate, the submersible expedition company, was also on the vessel. British Pakistani businessman Shahzada Dawood, 48, and his son, Suleman, 19, were also on the expedition, their family confirmed. The passengers: Hamish Harding, an aviation businessman, aircraft pilot and seasoned adventurer, posted on Instagram that he was joining the expedition and said retired French navy commander Paul-Henri Nargeolet was also onboard. This map shows the scale of the search near the Titanic wreckage. The search poses unique challenges that are further complicated by the depths involved. ![]() ![]() The search: The daunting mission covers the ocean’s surface and the vast depths beneath. Here’s what we know about the missing submersible. (we already have questions for specific ones, like this, this, and this. The Titan is 22 feet long, weighs 23,000 pounds and “has about as much room as a minivan,” according to CBS correspondent David Pogue. (I asked and self-answered this to keep all of the answers to the questions in one place, like this question from Candy Box 1. Luckily, not all choices are so dizzying. That being said, it can be hard to think of the idea of your own choice in relation to all of that. Why shouldnt you be The election will change the course of the world in many aspects for billions of people. The Titan: The voyage to see the Titanic wreckage is eight days long, costs $250,000 and is open to passengers age 17 and older. Whether you voted on Election Day or weeks before, its safe to say that you might be a little stressed about the result. OceanGate, the tour company, has said all 5 passengers are believed dead. The latest: After an extensive search, the Coast Guard found debris fields that have been indentified as the Titan submersible. ![]() I shut it down for 5 minutes, and then booted it up again. I installed Firefox, Thunderbird, Open Office, etc… I started to use the laptop and it seemed all good, but after an hour or so I noticed that the light on the screen was uneven and it seemed a bit too flickery for my taste. ![]() Yesterday night while she was sleeping I started to set it up so that it would be ready for today’s birthday. At this point my wife didn’t know anything about the laptop. Everything was all right, so I carefully stored it in a safe place for a couple of days. I brought it home that night, checked that it was OK, booted it up, installed the OS and surfed for a while. I bought an economical yet decently powerful Acer Aspire 5100 (15.4” CrystalBrite TFT LCD Display, AMD Turion 64 Mobile 2 GHz, 1 GB RAM, 160 GB 5400rpm) on Friday afternoon from the Best Buy at the Markville Mall in Markham, Ontario. What I didn’t know was that Best Buy was going to hijack my plans. But I thought that an affordable laptop for browsing and writing would be an unexpected and very welcomed gift. As you may remember from my previous posts, I bought a MacBook Pro for myself just a few weeks ago, so I wasn’t going to go crazy in terms of my budget. ![]() In reality, I wanted to surprise her with a nice laptop. She was probably expecting something along the lines of a case/skin for her iPod Nano. Being a good husband I decided to come up with a nice surprise. This post starts out personal but gets to the interesting part very quickly, so please read on. Best Buy sucks and you shouldn’t shop there. ![]() It was just the sensation and that general low rumbling sound of the foundation of the whole house vibrating," he said.Ĭalifornia's earthquake early warning system sent electronic alerts to the mobile devices of some 3 million northern California residents 10 seconds before the first shaking was even felt, said state emergency chief Mark Ghilarducci. "The shaking was really intense," said Daniel Holsapple, 33, a resident of nearby Arcata, who recounted grabbing his pet cat and running outside after he was jostled awake in pitch darkness by the motion of the house and by an emergency alert from his cellphone. The California Highway Patrol also said the roadway foundation there was at risk of sliding.Īuthorities reported at least four Humboldt County roads shut down due to earthquake damage. Police closed a bridge over the Eel River just outside Ferndale, a picturesque town notable for its gingerbread-style Victorian storefronts and homes, after four large cracks were discovered in the span. Two of the most serious cases were a head injury and a broken hip, officials said. Most of the 12 survivors known to have sought medical care got themselves to hospitals and sustained relatively minor injuries, many from fallen objects. The two fatalities involved individuals, one aged 72, the other 83, who suffered medical emergencies that coincided with the quake, preventing rescue teams from reaching them in time to render life-saving care, said Humboldt County Sheriff William Honsal. "The TV was coming down, the microwave, everything, like all my little knickknacks were crashing everywhere."įire officials said dispatchers fielded roughly 70 emergency calls after the quake.ĭetails of casualties were sketchy. "And it just kept shaking and shaking, and things were crashing," she recalled. I just remember walking out of the house and seeing, like, a house basically on the ground, near our porch."įellow Rio Dell resident Liz Peavy, 68, said she too was roused from sleep as her home began to rumble. "Our water got knocked off, so there's water everywhere. you could just smell gas everywhere," she said. "And then, as we were running out of the house. Jacqui McIntosh, 28, whose Rio Dell home was rocked off its foundation, recounted that she and her husband, Shane, were jolted out of their bed and huddled underneath it until the shaking ceased. Some 79,000 homes and businesses countywide were without power in the quake's immediate aftermath, according to the electric grid tracking website. Water service to the entire community was knocked out, and City Manager Kyle Knopp said he expected 100 to 150 residents would likely end up displaced once housing inspectors had assessed all the structural damage there. ![]() Most were in Rio Dell, a town of about 3,400 residents that bore the brunt of the quake. The blaze was quickly extinguished, and fire crews rescued a resident briefly trapped in the home, according to fire officials.Ībout two dozen houses were so heavily damaged as to be "red-tagged," declared unsafe for habitation. ![]() Tuesday's temblor set off one structure fire - by severing the gas line of a hot-water heater - and caused at least two other buildings to collapse, authorities said. The region also is known for relatively frequent seismic activity, although the latest quake appeared to cause more disruption than others in recent years. Newsom has directed state agencies and departments to take appropriate action as necessary to provide support to local communities, according to a statement. PST and was followed by about 80 aftershocks, was centered 215 miles (350 km) north of San Francisco offshore of Humboldt County, a largely rural area known for its redwood forests, local seafood, lumber industry and dairy farms.Ĭalifornia's Governor Gavin Newsom proclaimed a state of emergency on Tuesday for Humboldt County to support the emergency response to the earthquake. RIO DELL, Calif., Dec 20 (Reuters) - A powerful magnitude 6.4 earthquake jolted the extreme northern coast of California before dawn on Tuesday, crumpling homes and roads, rupturing utility lines and leaving thousands of residents without running water and electricity.Īt least a dozen people were injured, and two others died from "medical emergencies" that occurred during or just after the quake, according to the Humboldt County Sheriff's Office. |